Improved properties of Ge MOS capacitors with HfTiON or HfTiO gate dielectric by using wet-NO ge-surface pretreatment

HfTiO/GeOxNy and HfTiON/GeOxNy stack gate dielectrics are prepared by using wet-NO or wet-N2O pretreatment on Ge substrate. Experimental results show that the wet NO pretreatment can lead to excellent interface properties, gate leakage properties and device reliability, especially for the HfTiON/GeOxNy dielectric. The involved mechanisms lie in the roles of N in blocking oxygen diffusion and Ge out-diffusion and suitable N incorporation in the GeO xNy interlayer, which effectively suppress further growth of GeOxNy interlayer and the growth of unstable GeO x during subsequent processing. © 2008 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Study of Interaction Modes in Pyrene-Based Fluorescent Organogels

International audienc

Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

published_or_final_versio

Cryopreservation of Brassia rex Orchid Shoots Using PVS2 Technique

In vitro grown shoots of Brassia rex orchid hybrid was cryopreserved by means of plant vitrification solution 2 (PVS2) technique. For the preculture treatment, the shoots were excised into two standard sizes of 0.5-1.0 and 1.0-1.5 cm and were precultured on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) semi solid medium supplemented with different concentrations of sucrose (control (0.06 M), 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 M) for 24 and 48 h. For the PVS2 dehydration treatment, the 0.1 M precultured (48 h and 1.0-1.5 cm) shoots were chosen for further experiment where the shoots were dehydrated in PVS2 solution at various durations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min) at 0 and 24°C for positive and negative storage in Liquid Nitrogen (LN). The viability of the cryopreserved cells were determined by 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) assay and chlorophyll extraction techniques. The best condition of PVS2 treatment was at 20 min of PVS2 treatment at 0°C prior to storage in liquid nitrogen. In chlorophyll determination based on chlorophyll assay, the highest concentration of total chlorophyll concentration (56.250 µg g-1) was obtained from shoots that were dehydrated for 25 min in PVS2 solution at 0°C without storage in liquid nitrogen

E-learning Dengan Schoology Sebagai Suplemen Pembelajaran Fisika Materi Elastisitas Dan Hukum Hooke

The aim of this research was to describe e-Learning with Schoology to teach elasticity and hooke's law topics. The description of this research consisted of description of the interest, easiness, usefullness and the effectiveness. Procedure used in this research was according to Suyanto and Sartinem which were: need analysis, identification of resource, identification of product specification, product development, internal test, external test, and production. This study has been conducted on even periode in academic year 2015/2016 in SMA N 1 Pringsewu grade X. The results of the external test showed that the quality of e-Learning with Schoology are very interesting, easy, very useful, and effective to use as learning supplement because 91% students passed the passing grade for cognitive aspect and 100% student passed the passing grade for afective and psycomotor aspect. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan e-Learning menggunakan Schoology dalam membelajarkan materi Elastisitas dan Hukum Hooke. Pendeskripsian pada penelitian ini meliputi kemenarikan, kemudahan, kemanfaatan dan keefektifan. Prosedur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mengikuti prosedur penerapan menurut Suyanto dan Sartinem yaitu analisis kebutuhan, identifikasi sumber daya, identifikasi spesifikasi produk, pengembangan produk, uji internal, uji eksternal dan produksi. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2015/2016 di SMAN 1 Pringsewu kelas X. Hasil dari uji eksternal menunjukkan bahwa kualitas dari e-Learning dengan Schoology sangat menarik, mudah, sangat bermanfaat dan efektif untuk digunakan sebagai suplemen pembelajaran karena 91% siswa mencapai KKM untuk aspek kognitif dan 100% siswa mencapai KKM untuk aspek afektif dan psikomotor

Tristan Celebration, October 11, 1985

This is the concert program of the Tristan Celebration performance on Friday, October 11, 1985, at the Concert Hall, 855 Commonwealth Avenue. Works performed were Lai du Kievrefuel by Anonymous (thirteenth century), Lamento di Tristano by Anonymous (fourteenth century), Pyrâme et Thisbé by Michel Pignolet de Monteclair, Tantris le bouffon from Masques, Op. 34 by Karol Szymanowski, and Prelude and Liebestod from Tristan und Isolde by Richard Wagner. Digitization for Boston University Concert Programs was supported by the Boston University Humanities Library Endowed Fund

Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Bahasa Indonesia Melalui Metode Cooperative Script Kelas IV SD

The title of this research is the improvement reading ability by Cooperative Script method studying Indonesian language in elementary school grade four. The reseachs purpuse is to overcome reading disability by Cooperative Script method in elementary school Erna grade IV. The research method is descriptive, the form is surve, the subject is 39 students grade IV elementary school Erna. The technique of data assamble is direct observation and the tool is obervation sheets. From the observation result there is improvement reading ability by answer the text questions. The teacher can uses Cooperative Script method as well as hope

Characteristics and Protein Binding Affinity of Condensed Tannins in Leucaena Species

Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the role and metabolism of phenolic compounds particularly condensed tannins (CT) in selected Leucaena species [Leucaena-hybrid Bahru; LLB, Leucaena-hybrid Rendang; LLR, Leucaena leucocephala-local; LLL and Leucaena leucocephala-Subang; LLS] using in vitro and in vivo studies. The occurrence of phenolic compounds in the above Leucaena and their correlations with in vitro gas production and degradability were investigated in the first experiment. The results showed that hybrid LLR had the highest CT content, resulting in the lowest in vitro gas production and degradability among the four species tested. Within shoot of similar age, the in vitro gas production and N degradability were negatively correlated to CT content, but such relationship were not detected if shoot samples of different age groups were pooled. The above findings indicated that concentration of tannins may not be the sole factor affecting nutrient utilisation. Results of the second experiment showed that there were no significant differences in the total phenolics and extractable CT contents, gas production and DM degradability for the samples dried at temperature of 45° C as compared to the standard freeze drying procedure. The present results indicated that where facilities for freeze drying are not available, drying at 45° C would serve as an option for measurement of the content of tannins as well as the effects on the in vitro. Drying at 60 °C and the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) reduced the adverse effect of CT. When treated at 60° C, the in vitro gas production and N degradability increased by about 24.7 and 26.2 %, respectively. With the addition of PEG, the corresponding values were 42.6 and 22.6%, respectively. Once again, DM degradability was highest in the local LLL (63.3%), followed by the hybrids LLB (58.9%) and LLR (55.1%), suggesting the depression of DM degradability of the hybrids as the results of their higher tannin contents. In the third experiment, CT were isolated and purified from three Leucaena species to evaluate differences in their biological binding affinity (astringency) and molecular weight. The study showed that the phenolics precipitation protein (PPP) value for LLR and LLB were significantly higher than that of LLL. Similarly, LLR and LLB also exhibited higher binding affinity than LLL, with the values of 0.13, 0.72 and 1.32 mg CT mg-1 bovine serum albumin (BSA), respectively. The above findings provide further explanation for the stronger adverse effect of CT of the hybrid species as compared to the local variety. Although majority of CT purified from the hybrid species was made of larger molecules than those of the local Leucaena, thus once again support the hypothesis that CT of stronger binding affinity are of larger molecular weight. The conclusion based on the current results is not conclusive and need further studies.The last Chapter consisted of two in vivo experiments. The results showed that inclusion of PEG in diets improved DM and N digestibilities, N retention, rumen ammonia (NH3) as well as microbial N supply in sheep, with no significant differences on animal performance when the two types of Leucaena species (hybrid and local) were compared